e-cigarettes

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) such as e-cigarettes, vaping devices, e-sheesha, e-nicotine-flavoured hookah and heat-not-burn devices, citing the risk posed to children, adolescents and women in the reproductive age. It adds that ENDS has already been banned in 30 countries.Such devices are often misunderstood as Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) .

A misconception

In most ENDS, instead of tobacco, nicotine is used in a chemical form. Thus, users of these devices believe that they are not smoking tobacco, but in reality, they continue to have the addictive chemical.
“People believe that the cancer-causing element is absent in the devices and are simply getting the pleasure of smoking. But several studies have found that use of ENDS leads to initiation of smoking.

A cigarette contains four to six milligrams of nicotine whereas most cartridges used in ENDS contain an equivalent of 10 mg of nicotine, but in liquid form. While the cost of a cigarette starts from ₹7, a cartridge costs at least ₹200. Experts say that when it begins to pinch the pocket, most ENDS users go back to cigarettes.
“There is no data or literature that supports any positive health outcomes from ENDS. Worse, many children are falling prey to its use as they are under the false belief that the absence of tobacco makes it safe. Many doctors wrongly advise e-cigarette use to control their patients’ smoking habits too,”

Nicotine alert

An article in the Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, in 2015, said that the biological effects of nicotine are  cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. It said: “Nicotine has also been found to be carcinogenic in several studies.”
 Nicotine can have adverse effects on the development of the foetus, may contribute to cardiovascular diseases and could function as a “tumour promoter”.
“Foetal and adolescent nicotine exposure may have long-term consequences for brain development, potentially leading to learning and anxiety disorders,” the notification warns.

space industry

Do you know Japan’s Yusaku Maezawa ? 

He is SpaceX's first paid moon tourist.Yes,technology is changing everthing to a new level.it may be anything like our way of business,lifestyles,adventurism etc.Now earth is not sufficient to fulfil our interests.And we are stepping into unknown areas, giving rise to SpaceX like industry.

When Falcon 1 rocket successfully reached orbit and the company secured a subsequent contract with NASA,space-x  had survived its ‘startup dip’. That milestone – the first privately developed liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit – ignited a new space industry that is changing our world.

According to a report from the investment firm space Angels a record 120 venture capital firms invested over $3.9 billion in private space enterprises last year. The space industry is also becoming global, no longer dominated by the Cold War rivals, the United States and USSR.In 2018 to date, there have been seventy two orbital launches an average of two per week, from launch pads in China, Russia, India, Japan, French Guinea, New Zealand and the U.S.

One of the greatest challenges involves actually getting the things people want in space, into space. Manufacturing everything on Earth and then launching it with rockets is expensive and restrictive. A company called Made in Space is taking a different approach by maintaining an additive manufacturing facility on the International Space Station and 3D printing right in space. Tools, spare parts and medical devices for the crew can all be created on demand. 

How should companies determine the value of manufacturing in space? Where should capacity be built and how should it be scaled up? The figure below breaks up the origin and destination of goods between Earth and space and arranges products into quadrants. Humans have mastered the lower left quadrant, made on Earth – for use on Earth. Moving clockwise from there, each quadrant introduces new challenges, for which we have less and less expertise.

irst became interested in this particular problem as I listened to a panel of robotics experts discuss building a colony on Mars (in our third quadrant). You can’t build the structures on Earth and easily send them to Mars, so you must manufacture there. But putting human builders in that extreme environment is equally problematic. Essentially, an entirely new mode of production using robots and automation in an advance envoy may be required.

Resources in space

You might wonder where one gets the materials for manufacturing in space, but there is actually much of resources . Metals for manufacturing can be found within asteroids, water for rocket fuel is frozen as ice on planets and moons, and rare elements like helium-3 for energy are embedded in the crust of the moon. If we brought that particular isotope back to Earth, we could eliminate our dependence on fossil fuels..As demonstrated by the recent Minerva-II-1 asteroid landing, people are acquiring the technical know-how to locate and navigate to these materials. But extraction and transport are open questions.How do these cases change the economics in the space industry? Already, companies like Planetary Resources, Moon Express, Deep Space Industry, and Asterank are organizing to address these opportunities.

What’s next?

It’s true that space is becoming just another place to do business. There are companies that will handle the logistics of getting your destined-for-space module on board a rocket; there are companies that will fly those rockets to the International Space Station; and there are others that can make a replacement part once there.
What comes next? In one sense, it’s anybody’s guess, but all signs point to this new industry forging ahead. A new breakthrough could alter the speed, but the course seems set: exploring farther away from home, whether that’s the moon, asteroids or Mars. It’s hard to believe that 10 years ago, Space X launches were yet to be successful. Today, a vibrant private sector consists of scores of companies working on everything from commercial spacecraft and rocket propulsion to space mining and food production. The next step is working to solidify the business practices and mature the industry.